This book covers the results of the 11th and 12th Teraflop Workshop and continued a series initiated by NEC and the HLRS in 2004. As part of the TeraflopWorkbench, it has become a meeting platform for scientists, application developers, international experts and hardware designers to discuss the current state and future directions of supercomputing with the aim of achieving the highest sustained application performance.

The Teraflop Workbench Project is a collaboration between the High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (HLRS) and NEC Deutschland GmbH (NEC HPCE) to support users to achieve their research goals using High Performance Computing. The first stage of the Teraflop Workbench project (2004–2008) concentrated on user’s applications and their optimization for the 72-node NEC SX-8 installation at HLRS. During this stage, numerous individual codes, developed and maintained by researchers or commercial organizations, have been analyzed and optimized. Several of the codes have shown the ability to outreach the TFlop/s threshold of sustained performance. This created the possibility for new science and a deeper understanding of the underlying physics.

This book presents the state of the art in high performance computing and simulation on modern supercomputer architectures. It covers trends in hardware and software development in general and specifically the future of vector-based systems and heterogeneous architectures. The application contributions cover computational fluid dynamics, material science, medical applications and climate research. Innovative fields like coupled multi-physics or multi-scale simulations are presented. All papers were chosen from presentations given at the 11th Teraflop Workshop held in October 2009 at Tohoku University, Japan, and the 12th Teraflop Workshop held in March 2010 at the Höchstleistungsrechenzentrum Stuttgart (HLRS), Germany