In recent years, the knowledge of how renal damage occurs in patients with plasma cell dyscrasias / myeloma has substantially increased. For the first time, this publication brings together issues relating to the diagnosis and pathogenesis of these disorders, as well as a summary of advances achieved in the treatment and management of patients. Several chapters are devoted to various glomerulopathies associated with deposition of immunoglobulin light and heavy chains, including those associated with amyloidosis. The sequential events are pointed out, crucial steps and key molecules open to modulation or control are delineated, and therapeutic advances are highlighted. Although the emphasis is on the management of cases with renal involvement, a distinct focus on the diseases as a whole and their impact on patients’ general health and prognosis has been maintained throughout the discussions. Using a translational approach to renal manifestations in patients with plasma cell dyscrasias / myelomas, this publication conveys a comprehensive state-of-the-art view of the subject. It is aimed at practicing renal pathologists, nephrologists, internists and hematologists, as well as at trainees and scientists working in these specialties.